11 May 2009

Hmmmm....

I saw a comment on a youtube video today, to the effect that what we're viewing in the bailouts is not socialism (government ownership/control of large portions of the economy) but rather capitalism gone horribly wrong: large corporations leveraging their significance to the economy in order to faciliatate "the largest transfer of public funds to private organizations in the history of our fair nation."

It's a different train of thought than the one I usually follow, with government involvement in the private sector leading to corruption, stagnation of creativity, etc. This line of logic begins with greedy capitalists paying attention to the motto of the Clinton years--"It's the economy, stupid." Our elected representatives, since the Reagan yeasr and probably before, are being elected on whether or not they can promise prosperity.

I've seen people engage in sick attention-seeking behaviors where they will use the threat of self-injury, or suicidal statements, or claim to have been assaulted or raped in order to get attention and feel significant. They hold themselves and their health hostage against the good will of their friends/the emergency medical system and demand that people drop everything and take care of them. In essence, the theory is, "If you don't give me what I want, I'll hurt me, and that will make you feel guilty and everyone will feel sad and you don't want that! So give me what I want!"

The capitalist at the top of a sinking corporation, however, is a little more clear minded. "Help me," he says to the elected official, "or I'll sink your economy AND your political career. Help me help you, Bob! Give me nice fat loan that no bank in their right mind would sign on..."

I was reminded today of a simple statement: government = the power to coerce obedience. But economic power is coercive too. An increase in governmental powers is a de facto increase in the governors' coercive influence over citizens. But governments do not posess a monopoly on coercion. Any relative concentration of power is inherently a relative potential for coercion.

I like to use this example: everyone has their price. For some, it's high, for some, it's ridiculously low...but it's probably graphable on a bell curve. It would take a lot for me to prostitute myself (and I'm talking like, hostages' lives on the line) but some will do the job for ten bucks or a quick fix or affirmation and attention. There's a market with an average price for corruption.

So let's say Joe Citizen is a salaryman--it isn't worth the (rough guess of the average) couple of thousand dollars it would take to convince the mayor to pass some legislation favoring him in a land dispute with his neighbor. But let's say the same Joe Citizen is a business owner who stands to gain a few thousand dollars per year in business if he gets preferential treatment from the town legislation or the zoning board. Whatever expenses he incurs in obtaining the coercive services of the state, whether through straight cash, services rendered, quid-quo-pro favors or socialization are simply business investments that--if he refuses--will put him at a competitive disadvantage with those who will. So there's the rub--when an unjust businessmen competes with a just businessman, the just one loses. Hence most of the Old Testament.

So that's why we have this fantastic legal system in our country. If you split power between the exectuve, legislative and judicial, you increase the number of people you have to influence, and hence the cost of obtaining legitimate coercive power. This is clever institutional planning--it is exponentially harder to influence fifteen people than it is to influence one, and the chance of one of those people being incorruptible is way higher than if you have just one king. Concentrated power, says Mr Reagan, is the enemy of liberty.

But we don't just have a separation of powers--the rule of many kings. We have made these kings accountable servants. And not servants of the public, or the majority--but servants of the law. Lex rex, the Latins like to say--"The Law is King." We live under the protection of the rule of law (fast forward to 2:05 for a moving tribute to the rule of law...) What a great system of government, that so effectively empowers the meek and lowly and protects them from the sway of the powerful and rich!

Unfortunately, it's not perfect if you have a situation in which the welfare of the community rests in the hands of a few powerful people. If there's just one or two factories in a town, their owners are pretty important people--they control, partially, the hopes and future of the entire town. Everyone, from grocer to librarian to plumber to homebuilder to IT specialist to gas station attendant, relies on the profits of that factory flowing through the hands of its owners and workers. So they have a lot of influence in town politics.

If you run the metaphor further up the food chain, you end up with Michigan--it's a three factory town. If the three automakers do well, the economy prospers, and the elected officials are safe and the populace is happy. And the factory owners know this--they know that the economic welfare of an entire state rests on their shoulders, and they do multi-billion dollar business with a clear incentive to work closely with state and local governments to ensure that they make lots and lots of money. The business is large enough where the costs of corruption are relatively minor. The only check on their power is public will, the integrity and pride of public servants, and the hope that such servants can see far enough ahead to preserve the interests of future generations, rather than making short-term, politically expedient decisions. Of course, if you pit a just politician against an unjust politician, and the public will is not robust and wise--all of the just politicians will be run out of business.

This is what I hear when I hear the words, "too big to fail:" I hear, "I own you. You are dependent on me, and you have to do what I want. You are going to pay for my problems, because you can't stomach the pain of being free and you won't make a difficult decision and make us all suffer for my problems. So you're going to work for me."

I hear a bigger, sicker, and more twisted version of some messed-up girl with a knife to her wrist for the thirtieth time that year, leveraging the kindness of others because she cannot imagine a world in which she is not the most important thing. Human nature at its finest, unrestrained by the rule of law, prudence, or the public will.

4 comments:

Ben said...

I'm not sure I understood all that, but it make me think quite a bit.

steve h said...

I see two dangers.

The first is the danger that a big business's failure might bring down an entire regional/national economy. (That was the fear last September, when a large number of investment banks suddenly realized that accoriding to the market and the current accounting regulations, they were in a deep financial hole.)

The second is the danger that a government official who falls to the temptation to help these businessmen agglomerates power to himself.

You see, now that you owe the government money (and me your reputation), I get to replace your CEO and tell you whether or not you can pay back that loan you made...and how you are going to deal with the debt from that other company I'm helping.Hence, Rick Waggoner gets booted by someone who is not on the board of directors of the company he works for, and a handful of banks have outstanding debt to the Treasury that they want to pay back, but are unable to, and there are allegations that this is affecting the way those banks handle the bankruptcy of Chrysler corporation.

There is a rule of law in bankruptcy process, a rule of law that supports an otherwise-rickety structure known as the corporate credit market.

That rule of law is being abrogated in the Chrysler bankruptcy, with the help of the Presidential Auto Task Force.

Is this happening because the President is powerful and wants to increase his power? Or is it because the business has the President over a barrel? Or because the big business known as the UAW has been deemed too big to fail?

Or is it all three together?

Fearsome Pirate said...

I think you sort of disproved yourself. All your examples of coercion are examples of people using wealth to manipulate the government into using its coercive power in its favor.

Even in the case of Michigan, why does its economy depend on three automakers? Well, look back to the "Treaty of Detroit," when the trade unions subverted to the coercive power of government to its ends. Look back to protectionism in US trade during the 70s, which allowed the auto industry to become slothful and incompetent.

In every case, the coercive power is still in the hands of the government. Bill Gates, with all his wealth, can't shut down your business. The Department of Health can.

the reified bean said...

Bill Gates can shut my business down--he can do the Blockbuster approach: use his vast pool of resources to open up a franchise that competes with me, and operate that franchise at a loss until I'm out of business. Then he raises prices and carries on his merry way.

Blockbuster has been accused of using this technique to run Mom 'n Pops video stores out of business. Of course, along came Netflix and made the whole point moot.

What I was realizing while writing this post, is that government's don't have a monopoly on coercive power, and that "coercive power" is perhaps a redundant phrase. Economic power is coercive--when you control the economy of a region, you enjoy, to some degree, a unique power over that region.

The Department of Health can't shut you down if shutting you down shuts down the town's economy--especially since the Department of Health isn't a department, it's a bunch of people, and people in government around here can lose their jobs pretty easily if they upset the applecart.

So I posit that stable governments hold a monopoly on direct, punitive coercive power.

But property is power as well--and privately owned property is privately owned power. If there is an inequality in property ownership in the community, then there is an equal degree of inequality of a different kind of coercive power.

It's nice, in short, to be needed--so nice that you can become too big to fail, and you can foist your failures onto other people.

That's why we have the rule of law--it's supposed to make everything transparent and it's supposed to restrain those with non-punitive coercive power from using that power to pilfer the public coffers, or worse, to seize the punitive power of the government.

In short, much as it pains my traditionally libertarian soul, we have as much to fear from powerful, unrestrained governors as we have to fear from powerful, unrestrained capitalists. In the words of the dearly departed Reagan, "Concentrated power is the enemy of liberty."